SamiribnZafarKhan
30-01-2005, 02:51 AM
Absolutism is Islam
by Shaykh Omar Baloch
قَالَ فَالْحَقُّ وَالْحَقَّ أَقُولُ
He said: The truth then is and the truth do I speak
The word absolute is a very interesting term used quite often with very little thought. The term absolute is used in many disciplines, ranging from physics to philosophy. The term absolute is very absolute in many fields. Yet we live in a culture that disdains the attitude of being absolute about any issue. One of the world views seen as “absolutist” in its approach to the world is Islam. The truth is nothing can be further from the truth. There are two logical extremes. One is to say everything is black and white; the other is to say nothing is black and white. Islam's stance is in the middle. Islam allows for some grey areas, and also demands absoluteness in other areas. For example, in the issue of God's existence, Islam is quite absolute. However, in the issue of law, Islam brings mercy and justice, the two extremes together. What is absolute in Islam? This can only refer to the Qur’anic term Haqq (truth). In Arabic every word has a meaning as well as attributes. Over here I will go over the attributes of Haqq. Then we will be able to approach Islam's attitude to absolute truth. Over here it must be mentioned quite ironically, those who call for pluralism, diversity, relativism, are themselves practicing a form of absolutism, which we can call absolute relativists. However, as mentioned before, Islam has a middle path on this issue with clearly defined characteristics.
In Islamic law, we have the term "Qatee" and "Zanee". In Qur’anic Sciences we have the terms "Huhkamaat" and "Mutashabihat". In the hadith sciences we have the terms "Sahih", "hasan", "Da'eef", "Ghareeb", etc. So, it is quite clear Islam allows a middle path between absolutism and relativism based on the evidence provided. Something can be relative or absolute based on evidence only, and our attitude towards the evidence. If something is not clear, or has some doubt, or even other possibilities it is relative, it is Zanee. If the evidence provided in solid and clear cut, it is Qatee, absolute. To be antagonistic towards any one side means one is blind and not willing to look at evidence. If something is Qatee, it is closer to haqq.
Attributes of Haqq
1. Haqq is true from many sides, and falsehood is only true from only one side
2. Haqq has a root in history
3. Haqq cuts falsehood, batel (falsehood) does not cut Haqq instead it subsumes it (relative ness of things)
4. Haqq is simple on the outside but has depth to it
5. Haqq is holistic in nature (i.e. complete solutions)
6. Haqq cannot be subdivided, falsehood can be further divided (The institution of traditional marriage)
7. Haqq is ideal and practical at the same time (truth, justice, rights)
8. Haqq always exists; it can be weakened but never finished
9. Haqq is the only way batel goes away
10. The Sunnah of Allah is to hit batel with haqq
11. Haqq is to recognize the batel of your time
12. Haqq wants domination
Now let's just understand the following with some examples. I have given examples from practical issues that deal with social sciences and humanities in order to facilitate the understanding the attributes of Haqq; to help the student of knowledge make mature decisions.
Haqq is true from many sides, and falsehood is only true from one side
Let's take the issue of homosexuality. Whenever batel gives an argument, it may be true from that particular angle. However, haqq will be true from many different angles and with many different methods. Let us suppose we take the gene argument for homosexuality (Even though there are arguments opposed to it). However, the arguments against homosexuality will be broad; ranging from ethics to biology. Any “truth” will be true from many angles. Homosexuality unbalances the population growth, it creates a medically unsafe environment, it costs money, and it is counter to the process of biological evolution. While Batel has a habit of repeating the same argument over and over; while the truth will be able to show itself in many lights.
Another way to understand this point is that haqq is always more beneficial than batel. Like the ayah about Alcohol. Let us take the ayah with ruling of alcohol as an example. The Qur’anic stance regarding intoxicants is very absolute...
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاء فِي الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللّهِ وَعَنِ الصَّلاَةِ فَهَلْ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ
Satan's plan is (but) to excite enmity and hatred between you, with intoxicants and gambling, and hinder you from the remembrance of Allah, and from prayer: will ye not then abstain?
But Qur’an also mentions that it has benefit in it:
يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ قُلْ فِيهِمَا إِثْمٌ كَبِيرٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَإِثْمُهُمَآ أَكْبَرُ مِن نَّفْعِهِمَا وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ كَذَلِكَ يُبيِّنُ اللّهُ لَكُمُ الآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ
They ask thee concerning wine and gambling. Say: "In them is great sin, and some profit, for men; but the sin is greater than the profit." They ask thee how much they are to spend; Say: "What is beyond your needs." Thus doth Allah Make clear to you His Signs: In order that ye may consider-
The fact that alcohol has some benefit in it would cause some people to have a "relative attitude" towards social drinking. The issue here is at two levels, one is merely at the level of understanding, and the other is at the level of guidance. Practically Islam takes an absolute approach towards alcohol, while theatrically understanding that there is some benefit also. Islam is always on the side of where the benefit is more. If the benefit is more, then Islam's attitude is at the level of "deeds" which is at the level of action, and the practical level is at the level of guidance.
This quality will keep manifesting itself throughout history as Allah has said,
سَنُرِيهِمْ آيَاتِنَا فِي الْآفَاقِ وَفِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ
شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ
Soon will We show them our Signs in the (furthest) regions (of the earth), and in their own souls, until it becomes manifest to them that this is the Truth. Is it not enough that thy Lord doth witness all things?
Haqq has a root in authentic history
Haqq has an authentic historical root. It cannot change its historical root. Let's take Christianity as an example. Is it true to its original roots? I think a strong argument can be made against it. Let's take Science as opposed to Scientism. If science started with comparing two things, then this has been a rational way of thinking from the dawn of time. However, scientism is a new phenomenon.
The Qur’an says,
أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ ضَرَبَ اللّهُ مَثَلاً كَلِمَةً طَيِّبَةً كَشَجَرةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ أَصْلُهَا ثَابِتٌ وَفَرْعُهَا فِي السَّمَاء
Seest thou not how Allah sets forth a parable? - A goodly word like a goodly tree, whose root is firmly fixed, and its branches (reach) to the heavens, - of its Lord. So Allah sets forth parables for men, in order that they may receive admonition.
We also find the Qur’an give the argument,
أَمْ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَـقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالأسْبَاطَ كَانُواْ هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَى قُلْ أَأَنتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللّهُ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن كَتَمَ شَهَادَةً عِندَهُ مِنَ اللّهِ وَمَا اللّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
Or do ye say that Abraham, Isma’il Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes were Jews or Christians? Say: Do ye know better than Allah? Ah! Who is more unjust than those who conceal the testimony they have from Allah? But Allah is not unmindful of what ye do!
As one last example on this issue, when we look at the founding fathers of this country, do we find that we are on the same path that this country started with? Do we have the means to be true to that foundation? Is it practically impossible now? If we can't be true to our roots, what does that tell us?
The idea of sunnah and bid’ah is also one that has to do with the idea of holding on the roots or foundations of a certain act.
Haqq cuts falsehood, batel does not cut Haqq instead it subsumes it
Let's take marriage as an institution. This is a healthy way of life that has strong historical roots; it is a universal culture and has many practical reasons behind it. People who believe in the institution of traditional marriage will always be strongly opposed to the other institutions of marriages; as history has shown. However, these other institutions will welcome and accept all forms of marriage institutions. In a world where there is no right or wrong, those who believe in absolutes will oppose such relativism. On the other hand, those to choose alternate forms of marriage will be happy to accept all forms of marriage, hetero, homo, and bi- sexual. This brings to home another point, which is batel does not understand the logic of haqq, whereas haqq has a clear vision of batel... as the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) said, "Fear the vision of the believer. For he sees with the noor (light) of Allah."
Some Ayaat that relate to this matter are,
وَقُلْ جَاء الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا
And say: "Truth has (now) arrived, and Falsehood perished: for Falsehood is (by its nature) bound to perish."
We also find the in Qur’an, the ayah
وَلاَ تَلْبِسُواْ الْحَقَّ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَتَكْتُمُواْ الْحَقَّ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
And cover not Truth with falsehood, nor conceal the Truth when ye know (what it is).
A good example of this in our age is the masses of people killed in the name of "truth" and "peace". When batel subsumes haqq, it is in fact not haqq, it is a watered down version of the truth. This is the beginning of losing the roots of a foundation. The idea of truth and peace are haqq, however, when subsumed under batel they are merely slogans.
Haqq is simple on the outside but has depth internally
Let's look at the theory of evolution. Apparently, it seems to look so complicated with all the piles of books you can find on the subject. However, the whole theory can be summed up in one word, “chance”. On the other hand, let's look at the life of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam). On the surface it looks so simple. However, a deeper look makes the life of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) like a miracle at work. Yet another example would be the idea of capitalism, though appearing quite complicated, it is a hallow system based on the “survival of the fittest”.
According to the Qur’an, man has been made in accordance to fitrah, a natural disposition. This natural disposition dictates that what is in accordance to fitrah is natural, easy, normal, common sense and simple. If I say "lying is bad", that is easy to accept because it is in harmony with our experience and our inner selves. This is what Allah refers to in the Ayah
فَأَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا فِطْرَةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
So set thou thy face steadily and truly to the Faith: (establish) Allah’s handiwork according to the pattern on which He has made mankind: no change (let there be) in the work (wrought) by Allah: that is the standard Deen: but most among mankind understand not!
The famous event in which Musa (‘alayhis salaam) ordered the slaughtering of the cow, is a good example of how batel leads to complicating issues. This is why in Islamic law we are told not to complicate issues.
Another modern issue that relates to this matter is poverty. The UN and the World Bank make poverty look like such a complicated issue. It is in fact not... for Allah would not put people on an earth that cannot sustain them. The fact of the matter is, if the profit of oil was not going to multi-national corporations, and 1/10 of that was used to help people, there would be no poverty today. When people take control over God-given free for all natural resources and privatize them, then such people, like the people who would not slaughter the cow, are in double minded situation, for what they really need is to have the poor keep the resources.
How those who on batel look at all dazzling on the outside, but are hollow in the inside are described as follows,
وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ تُعْجِبُكَ أَجْسَامُهُمْ وَإِن يَقُولُوا تَسْمَعْ لِقَوْلِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ خُشُبٌ مُّسَنَّدَةٌ يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ هُمُ الْعَدُوُّ فَاحْذَرْهُمْ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّى يُؤْفَكُونَ
When thou lookest at them, their exteriors please thee; and when they speak, thou listenest to their words. They are as (worthless as hollow) pieces of timber propped up, (unable to stand on their own). They think that every cry is against them! They are the enemies; so beware of them! The curse of Allah is on them! How are they deluded (away from the Truth)!
Haqq is holistic in nature
One of the big problems of batel is it sees every problem as a root problem. For example, in dealing with the question of sex, the answer is to distribute condoms in school. Haqq on the other hand gives solutions that are not bandage solutions; they are complete solutions, with permanent results. Another way to understand the holistic nature of haqq is that it puts a balance to extremes. Balance needs to be put at seven different levels.
1. Transcendent vs. Empirical / Ideal vs. Realism
2. Physical vs. Spiritual
3. Aesthetic vs. Mechanical
4. Male vs. Female
5. Capitalists vs. Laborers
6. Leaders vs. Followers
7. Legal vs. Moral
This is why Islam is called "Deen ul Haq".
Again, when we look at how the modern man deals with basic issues like homelessness, we find only half-hearted solutions because, without understanding the root of the issues... all issues look like the problem. We have all read the famous story of the blind men who try to describe an elephant. Each person thinks the part they are describing is real. When every problem's symptoms are taken to be the root problem, then we find people can't prioritize the issues. For example, In Islam since we understand human life is most sacred... we will not make roads, or indulge in animal rights till the issue of homelessness is taken care of. All issues are not are equal, and in a system where every group can lobby all issues are equal. Each group presents its issue as the main issue and most important issue.
This is a disease of the heart, with which Allah describes
يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ
They think that every cry is against them!
Allah also says,
تَحْسَبُهُمْ جَمِيعًا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ شَتَّى ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَعْقِلُونَ
Thou wouldst think they were united, but their hearts are divided: that is because they are a people devoid of wisdom!
Haqq can not be subdivided, falsehood can be further divided
Since haqq has to be true to its own historical roots and since it gives holistic solutions, it cannot be subdivided in its approach to problems. However, batel can be subdivided and be compromised. A simple example of this would be legal cases, where the system allows a division between who gets good representation and who does not. In a system that is based on Haqq it would not allow such a division within itself.
Another way to understand the same issue is Islam keeps a balance between the spirit and law. Whereas we find, the Jews they left the spirit and adhered to literalisms. The Christians on the other hand left the law, and went too far in the spirit of Jesus’ teachings. Today we are trying to interpret the constitution, or other legal issues; it is here that balance is lost in the current day justice.
Haqq is ideal and practical at the same time
With haqq, the gap between real and ideal is relatively less. With all the slogans of freedom, we still find that the oppression only increases. With all the books on economics we find the gap between the poor and rich increasing at the micro and macro level. The less the gap, the closer one is to Haqq. This is what the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) referred to in the term "khalifa tu Rashida". Rusd means mature guidance, that which is equal in theory and practice.
In Islam there is a strong emphasis on alim (knowledge) and amal (deed), and to bring the two together. In modern societies, it is politically incorrect to talk about morals and character in School, yet this is accepted of the people in public life. We all hear the slogans of freedom and democracy in international affairs… the freedom of the body has led to chaining the minds… and thus the result is that with the narrow minds, good looking concepts can never be actualized.
When people are free in their mindset, as well as free physically only then will people be able to bring the ideal and practical together.
Haqq always exists, it can be weakened but never finished
Haqq is something by nature, it has to exist, and therefore, it is universal. Ideologies come and go. However, the truth always remains. Haqq, instead of seeing the past as a burden, appreciates it and embraces it. A good example of this is the nation-state concept; it is a dying ideology, however, Haqq will always remain. “All that is on it will perish. And nothing but your Lord's Face will remain”…and Prophet Ibrahim (‘alayhis salaam) said, “I do not love the things that go away.”
The Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) also said, “Islam started as something strange, and will return to something strange.” Meaning Islam can be weak, but Islam will not fade away. Its teaching will always be pure. Just like when winter comes a tree is dry and looks dead, but as soon as summer comes it’s back to life.
Haqq is the only way batel vanishes away
The only way unfeasible half-solutions go away is when haqq comes with its holistic solution. How will the problem of drugs go away? How will the problem of justice be solved? It will not happen with shallow slogans of peace.
جَاء الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا
When the Truth comes falsehood vanishes!
Surah An-Nasr also mentions how people will accept the truth once the truth manifests itself. This is the Sunnah of Allah.
Sunnah of Allah is to remove batel with haqq
Because batel has so many half-hearted solutions, based on compromise and lack of argument and balance, it is not able to find the real root of the problem. This causes an immediate reaction to Haqq that wants a complete removal of the problem right from the root of the problem. This may be because Haqq is seen as a radical solution “When haqq comes batel vanishes”… it vanishes because it comes with a complete solution.
In the Qur’an we see this struggle between haqq and batel. This struggle is at a very basic level: a struggle of ideas, a struggle to show which ideas are better, and which ideas have more strength. In this way, it should be kept in mind batel also tries to take an absolute approach, and this why batel aligns itself against haqq. It is in nature for one to oppose what is in sharp contrast to one’s ideas, in order to make one’s own ideas clearer and stronger.
بَلْ نَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ زَاهِقٌ وَلَكُمُ الْوَيْلُ مِمَّا تَصِفُونَ
Nay, We hurl the Truth against falsehood, and it knocks out its brain, and behold, falsehood doth perish! Ah! Woe be to you for the (false) things ye ascribe (to Us)!
And Allah makes clear that His sunnah, His methods do not change, in how He deals with history and people.
لاَ تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلاً
Thou wilt find no change in Our ways.
In this way, it should be clear that Haqq has clear rules, and they do not change. Thus, there is a clash of ideas at the level of haqq and batel. It is for this reason, the Prophets come to invite people to the true way of living and real knowledge of the truth.
Haqq is to recognize the batel of your time
As mentioned earlier, every age has its way of reason. This also means that batel will try to dominate that particular way of reasoning before haqq does, since it is the new trend in history. To understand this in non-religious terms, just bring to mind, Dr. Muhammad Iqbal's theory of thesis and anti-thesis. Every new society will try to improve upon the ideas of its predecessors; however the flaws in the new system will create an anti-thesis. Thus, Haqq will have to adapt to the new trends, and thus, it will recognize the batel of its time.
We find in the seerah of the Prophets that at first they emphasized Tauheed (oneness of Allah). For example, Noah and Ibrahim (‘alayhis salaatu wassallam). Then we see Prophets emphasizing on social issues, political issues, moral issues, etc. In the history of Islam, many times batel changed its face, and each time Islam rose to the occasion to confront the batel. There is a tradition of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) on this issue, "There will always be a group of my people on the Haqq"... meaning a group of my people will see the new trends of batel and they will deal with it.
It was Imam Ghazali’s and Imam ibn Taymiyah’s ability to deal with the biggest manifestations of batil, which gave them a place in history. And the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) said, “If I was to see dajjal, I would argue against him myself”… meaning Dajjal’s main tool to lead people astray would be his ideas and arguments.
Haqq wants domination
Truth is only true, when it can be shown to be true. Any idea wants to express itself in practice is in the war of ideas. Haqq as an idea of truth demands its dominance. Even Plato's “Republic” calls out saying, “Try me out!!”
The Qur’an says,
هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَى وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
It is He Who has sent His Apostle with the Guidance and the Deen of Haqq, that he may dominate it over all other systems, even though the Pagans may detest (it)!
And,
بَلْ نَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ زَاهِقٌ وَلَكُمُ الْوَيْلُ مِمَّا تَصِفُونَ
Nay, We hurl the Haqq against batel, and it knocks out its brain, and behold, batel doth perish! Ah! Woe be to you for the (false) things ye ascribe (to Us)!
As mentioned earlier, I have tried bringing forth the Qur’anic arguments for absolute truth. However, other forms of logic and other independent forms of Qur’anic logic have not been discussed.
Looking for Absolutes and Relatives
Is everything in the form of absolutes? No. Many issues are relative. With the qualities of haqq mentioned above - those issues, ideas, etc. that are more poles apart - are issues of absolute. For example, the issue of God; either He is or He is not. Those issues that don't fit into the attributes of haqq or are not poles apart are relative issues. For example, the issue of “intention” can be relative because it does not fit into the attributes of haqq. The issue of how to solve the problem of aids; though one method may be more holistic, which is one of the attributes of haqq, but another may be more practical.
Al Haqq is only Allah, then from there Al haqq moves towards haqq. As long as something is haqq it will have attributes of haqq, however the solution should be with the one with more of the attributes of haqq. From haqq the movement is to batel, however there is no al batel. For batel to survive and have existence it must have some haqq, some watered down version of the truth. This one aspect of the ayah “And don’t hide the truth”… meaning batel is wrapped around haqq.
الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلاَ تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ
The Truth is from thy Lord; so be not at all in doubt .
by Shaykh Omar Baloch
قَالَ فَالْحَقُّ وَالْحَقَّ أَقُولُ
He said: The truth then is and the truth do I speak
The word absolute is a very interesting term used quite often with very little thought. The term absolute is used in many disciplines, ranging from physics to philosophy. The term absolute is very absolute in many fields. Yet we live in a culture that disdains the attitude of being absolute about any issue. One of the world views seen as “absolutist” in its approach to the world is Islam. The truth is nothing can be further from the truth. There are two logical extremes. One is to say everything is black and white; the other is to say nothing is black and white. Islam's stance is in the middle. Islam allows for some grey areas, and also demands absoluteness in other areas. For example, in the issue of God's existence, Islam is quite absolute. However, in the issue of law, Islam brings mercy and justice, the two extremes together. What is absolute in Islam? This can only refer to the Qur’anic term Haqq (truth). In Arabic every word has a meaning as well as attributes. Over here I will go over the attributes of Haqq. Then we will be able to approach Islam's attitude to absolute truth. Over here it must be mentioned quite ironically, those who call for pluralism, diversity, relativism, are themselves practicing a form of absolutism, which we can call absolute relativists. However, as mentioned before, Islam has a middle path on this issue with clearly defined characteristics.
In Islamic law, we have the term "Qatee" and "Zanee". In Qur’anic Sciences we have the terms "Huhkamaat" and "Mutashabihat". In the hadith sciences we have the terms "Sahih", "hasan", "Da'eef", "Ghareeb", etc. So, it is quite clear Islam allows a middle path between absolutism and relativism based on the evidence provided. Something can be relative or absolute based on evidence only, and our attitude towards the evidence. If something is not clear, or has some doubt, or even other possibilities it is relative, it is Zanee. If the evidence provided in solid and clear cut, it is Qatee, absolute. To be antagonistic towards any one side means one is blind and not willing to look at evidence. If something is Qatee, it is closer to haqq.
Attributes of Haqq
1. Haqq is true from many sides, and falsehood is only true from only one side
2. Haqq has a root in history
3. Haqq cuts falsehood, batel (falsehood) does not cut Haqq instead it subsumes it (relative ness of things)
4. Haqq is simple on the outside but has depth to it
5. Haqq is holistic in nature (i.e. complete solutions)
6. Haqq cannot be subdivided, falsehood can be further divided (The institution of traditional marriage)
7. Haqq is ideal and practical at the same time (truth, justice, rights)
8. Haqq always exists; it can be weakened but never finished
9. Haqq is the only way batel goes away
10. The Sunnah of Allah is to hit batel with haqq
11. Haqq is to recognize the batel of your time
12. Haqq wants domination
Now let's just understand the following with some examples. I have given examples from practical issues that deal with social sciences and humanities in order to facilitate the understanding the attributes of Haqq; to help the student of knowledge make mature decisions.
Haqq is true from many sides, and falsehood is only true from one side
Let's take the issue of homosexuality. Whenever batel gives an argument, it may be true from that particular angle. However, haqq will be true from many different angles and with many different methods. Let us suppose we take the gene argument for homosexuality (Even though there are arguments opposed to it). However, the arguments against homosexuality will be broad; ranging from ethics to biology. Any “truth” will be true from many angles. Homosexuality unbalances the population growth, it creates a medically unsafe environment, it costs money, and it is counter to the process of biological evolution. While Batel has a habit of repeating the same argument over and over; while the truth will be able to show itself in many lights.
Another way to understand this point is that haqq is always more beneficial than batel. Like the ayah about Alcohol. Let us take the ayah with ruling of alcohol as an example. The Qur’anic stance regarding intoxicants is very absolute...
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاء فِي الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللّهِ وَعَنِ الصَّلاَةِ فَهَلْ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ
Satan's plan is (but) to excite enmity and hatred between you, with intoxicants and gambling, and hinder you from the remembrance of Allah, and from prayer: will ye not then abstain?
But Qur’an also mentions that it has benefit in it:
يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ قُلْ فِيهِمَا إِثْمٌ كَبِيرٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَإِثْمُهُمَآ أَكْبَرُ مِن نَّفْعِهِمَا وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ كَذَلِكَ يُبيِّنُ اللّهُ لَكُمُ الآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ
They ask thee concerning wine and gambling. Say: "In them is great sin, and some profit, for men; but the sin is greater than the profit." They ask thee how much they are to spend; Say: "What is beyond your needs." Thus doth Allah Make clear to you His Signs: In order that ye may consider-
The fact that alcohol has some benefit in it would cause some people to have a "relative attitude" towards social drinking. The issue here is at two levels, one is merely at the level of understanding, and the other is at the level of guidance. Practically Islam takes an absolute approach towards alcohol, while theatrically understanding that there is some benefit also. Islam is always on the side of where the benefit is more. If the benefit is more, then Islam's attitude is at the level of "deeds" which is at the level of action, and the practical level is at the level of guidance.
This quality will keep manifesting itself throughout history as Allah has said,
سَنُرِيهِمْ آيَاتِنَا فِي الْآفَاقِ وَفِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ
شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ
Soon will We show them our Signs in the (furthest) regions (of the earth), and in their own souls, until it becomes manifest to them that this is the Truth. Is it not enough that thy Lord doth witness all things?
Haqq has a root in authentic history
Haqq has an authentic historical root. It cannot change its historical root. Let's take Christianity as an example. Is it true to its original roots? I think a strong argument can be made against it. Let's take Science as opposed to Scientism. If science started with comparing two things, then this has been a rational way of thinking from the dawn of time. However, scientism is a new phenomenon.
The Qur’an says,
أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ ضَرَبَ اللّهُ مَثَلاً كَلِمَةً طَيِّبَةً كَشَجَرةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ أَصْلُهَا ثَابِتٌ وَفَرْعُهَا فِي السَّمَاء
Seest thou not how Allah sets forth a parable? - A goodly word like a goodly tree, whose root is firmly fixed, and its branches (reach) to the heavens, - of its Lord. So Allah sets forth parables for men, in order that they may receive admonition.
We also find the Qur’an give the argument,
أَمْ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَـقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالأسْبَاطَ كَانُواْ هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَى قُلْ أَأَنتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللّهُ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن كَتَمَ شَهَادَةً عِندَهُ مِنَ اللّهِ وَمَا اللّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
Or do ye say that Abraham, Isma’il Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes were Jews or Christians? Say: Do ye know better than Allah? Ah! Who is more unjust than those who conceal the testimony they have from Allah? But Allah is not unmindful of what ye do!
As one last example on this issue, when we look at the founding fathers of this country, do we find that we are on the same path that this country started with? Do we have the means to be true to that foundation? Is it practically impossible now? If we can't be true to our roots, what does that tell us?
The idea of sunnah and bid’ah is also one that has to do with the idea of holding on the roots or foundations of a certain act.
Haqq cuts falsehood, batel does not cut Haqq instead it subsumes it
Let's take marriage as an institution. This is a healthy way of life that has strong historical roots; it is a universal culture and has many practical reasons behind it. People who believe in the institution of traditional marriage will always be strongly opposed to the other institutions of marriages; as history has shown. However, these other institutions will welcome and accept all forms of marriage institutions. In a world where there is no right or wrong, those who believe in absolutes will oppose such relativism. On the other hand, those to choose alternate forms of marriage will be happy to accept all forms of marriage, hetero, homo, and bi- sexual. This brings to home another point, which is batel does not understand the logic of haqq, whereas haqq has a clear vision of batel... as the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) said, "Fear the vision of the believer. For he sees with the noor (light) of Allah."
Some Ayaat that relate to this matter are,
وَقُلْ جَاء الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا
And say: "Truth has (now) arrived, and Falsehood perished: for Falsehood is (by its nature) bound to perish."
We also find the in Qur’an, the ayah
وَلاَ تَلْبِسُواْ الْحَقَّ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَتَكْتُمُواْ الْحَقَّ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
And cover not Truth with falsehood, nor conceal the Truth when ye know (what it is).
A good example of this in our age is the masses of people killed in the name of "truth" and "peace". When batel subsumes haqq, it is in fact not haqq, it is a watered down version of the truth. This is the beginning of losing the roots of a foundation. The idea of truth and peace are haqq, however, when subsumed under batel they are merely slogans.
Haqq is simple on the outside but has depth internally
Let's look at the theory of evolution. Apparently, it seems to look so complicated with all the piles of books you can find on the subject. However, the whole theory can be summed up in one word, “chance”. On the other hand, let's look at the life of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam). On the surface it looks so simple. However, a deeper look makes the life of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) like a miracle at work. Yet another example would be the idea of capitalism, though appearing quite complicated, it is a hallow system based on the “survival of the fittest”.
According to the Qur’an, man has been made in accordance to fitrah, a natural disposition. This natural disposition dictates that what is in accordance to fitrah is natural, easy, normal, common sense and simple. If I say "lying is bad", that is easy to accept because it is in harmony with our experience and our inner selves. This is what Allah refers to in the Ayah
فَأَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا فِطْرَةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
So set thou thy face steadily and truly to the Faith: (establish) Allah’s handiwork according to the pattern on which He has made mankind: no change (let there be) in the work (wrought) by Allah: that is the standard Deen: but most among mankind understand not!
The famous event in which Musa (‘alayhis salaam) ordered the slaughtering of the cow, is a good example of how batel leads to complicating issues. This is why in Islamic law we are told not to complicate issues.
Another modern issue that relates to this matter is poverty. The UN and the World Bank make poverty look like such a complicated issue. It is in fact not... for Allah would not put people on an earth that cannot sustain them. The fact of the matter is, if the profit of oil was not going to multi-national corporations, and 1/10 of that was used to help people, there would be no poverty today. When people take control over God-given free for all natural resources and privatize them, then such people, like the people who would not slaughter the cow, are in double minded situation, for what they really need is to have the poor keep the resources.
How those who on batel look at all dazzling on the outside, but are hollow in the inside are described as follows,
وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ تُعْجِبُكَ أَجْسَامُهُمْ وَإِن يَقُولُوا تَسْمَعْ لِقَوْلِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ خُشُبٌ مُّسَنَّدَةٌ يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ هُمُ الْعَدُوُّ فَاحْذَرْهُمْ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّى يُؤْفَكُونَ
When thou lookest at them, their exteriors please thee; and when they speak, thou listenest to their words. They are as (worthless as hollow) pieces of timber propped up, (unable to stand on their own). They think that every cry is against them! They are the enemies; so beware of them! The curse of Allah is on them! How are they deluded (away from the Truth)!
Haqq is holistic in nature
One of the big problems of batel is it sees every problem as a root problem. For example, in dealing with the question of sex, the answer is to distribute condoms in school. Haqq on the other hand gives solutions that are not bandage solutions; they are complete solutions, with permanent results. Another way to understand the holistic nature of haqq is that it puts a balance to extremes. Balance needs to be put at seven different levels.
1. Transcendent vs. Empirical / Ideal vs. Realism
2. Physical vs. Spiritual
3. Aesthetic vs. Mechanical
4. Male vs. Female
5. Capitalists vs. Laborers
6. Leaders vs. Followers
7. Legal vs. Moral
This is why Islam is called "Deen ul Haq".
Again, when we look at how the modern man deals with basic issues like homelessness, we find only half-hearted solutions because, without understanding the root of the issues... all issues look like the problem. We have all read the famous story of the blind men who try to describe an elephant. Each person thinks the part they are describing is real. When every problem's symptoms are taken to be the root problem, then we find people can't prioritize the issues. For example, In Islam since we understand human life is most sacred... we will not make roads, or indulge in animal rights till the issue of homelessness is taken care of. All issues are not are equal, and in a system where every group can lobby all issues are equal. Each group presents its issue as the main issue and most important issue.
This is a disease of the heart, with which Allah describes
يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ
They think that every cry is against them!
Allah also says,
تَحْسَبُهُمْ جَمِيعًا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ شَتَّى ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَعْقِلُونَ
Thou wouldst think they were united, but their hearts are divided: that is because they are a people devoid of wisdom!
Haqq can not be subdivided, falsehood can be further divided
Since haqq has to be true to its own historical roots and since it gives holistic solutions, it cannot be subdivided in its approach to problems. However, batel can be subdivided and be compromised. A simple example of this would be legal cases, where the system allows a division between who gets good representation and who does not. In a system that is based on Haqq it would not allow such a division within itself.
Another way to understand the same issue is Islam keeps a balance between the spirit and law. Whereas we find, the Jews they left the spirit and adhered to literalisms. The Christians on the other hand left the law, and went too far in the spirit of Jesus’ teachings. Today we are trying to interpret the constitution, or other legal issues; it is here that balance is lost in the current day justice.
Haqq is ideal and practical at the same time
With haqq, the gap between real and ideal is relatively less. With all the slogans of freedom, we still find that the oppression only increases. With all the books on economics we find the gap between the poor and rich increasing at the micro and macro level. The less the gap, the closer one is to Haqq. This is what the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) referred to in the term "khalifa tu Rashida". Rusd means mature guidance, that which is equal in theory and practice.
In Islam there is a strong emphasis on alim (knowledge) and amal (deed), and to bring the two together. In modern societies, it is politically incorrect to talk about morals and character in School, yet this is accepted of the people in public life. We all hear the slogans of freedom and democracy in international affairs… the freedom of the body has led to chaining the minds… and thus the result is that with the narrow minds, good looking concepts can never be actualized.
When people are free in their mindset, as well as free physically only then will people be able to bring the ideal and practical together.
Haqq always exists, it can be weakened but never finished
Haqq is something by nature, it has to exist, and therefore, it is universal. Ideologies come and go. However, the truth always remains. Haqq, instead of seeing the past as a burden, appreciates it and embraces it. A good example of this is the nation-state concept; it is a dying ideology, however, Haqq will always remain. “All that is on it will perish. And nothing but your Lord's Face will remain”…and Prophet Ibrahim (‘alayhis salaam) said, “I do not love the things that go away.”
The Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) also said, “Islam started as something strange, and will return to something strange.” Meaning Islam can be weak, but Islam will not fade away. Its teaching will always be pure. Just like when winter comes a tree is dry and looks dead, but as soon as summer comes it’s back to life.
Haqq is the only way batel vanishes away
The only way unfeasible half-solutions go away is when haqq comes with its holistic solution. How will the problem of drugs go away? How will the problem of justice be solved? It will not happen with shallow slogans of peace.
جَاء الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا
When the Truth comes falsehood vanishes!
Surah An-Nasr also mentions how people will accept the truth once the truth manifests itself. This is the Sunnah of Allah.
Sunnah of Allah is to remove batel with haqq
Because batel has so many half-hearted solutions, based on compromise and lack of argument and balance, it is not able to find the real root of the problem. This causes an immediate reaction to Haqq that wants a complete removal of the problem right from the root of the problem. This may be because Haqq is seen as a radical solution “When haqq comes batel vanishes”… it vanishes because it comes with a complete solution.
In the Qur’an we see this struggle between haqq and batel. This struggle is at a very basic level: a struggle of ideas, a struggle to show which ideas are better, and which ideas have more strength. In this way, it should be kept in mind batel also tries to take an absolute approach, and this why batel aligns itself against haqq. It is in nature for one to oppose what is in sharp contrast to one’s ideas, in order to make one’s own ideas clearer and stronger.
بَلْ نَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ زَاهِقٌ وَلَكُمُ الْوَيْلُ مِمَّا تَصِفُونَ
Nay, We hurl the Truth against falsehood, and it knocks out its brain, and behold, falsehood doth perish! Ah! Woe be to you for the (false) things ye ascribe (to Us)!
And Allah makes clear that His sunnah, His methods do not change, in how He deals with history and people.
لاَ تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلاً
Thou wilt find no change in Our ways.
In this way, it should be clear that Haqq has clear rules, and they do not change. Thus, there is a clash of ideas at the level of haqq and batel. It is for this reason, the Prophets come to invite people to the true way of living and real knowledge of the truth.
Haqq is to recognize the batel of your time
As mentioned earlier, every age has its way of reason. This also means that batel will try to dominate that particular way of reasoning before haqq does, since it is the new trend in history. To understand this in non-religious terms, just bring to mind, Dr. Muhammad Iqbal's theory of thesis and anti-thesis. Every new society will try to improve upon the ideas of its predecessors; however the flaws in the new system will create an anti-thesis. Thus, Haqq will have to adapt to the new trends, and thus, it will recognize the batel of its time.
We find in the seerah of the Prophets that at first they emphasized Tauheed (oneness of Allah). For example, Noah and Ibrahim (‘alayhis salaatu wassallam). Then we see Prophets emphasizing on social issues, political issues, moral issues, etc. In the history of Islam, many times batel changed its face, and each time Islam rose to the occasion to confront the batel. There is a tradition of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) on this issue, "There will always be a group of my people on the Haqq"... meaning a group of my people will see the new trends of batel and they will deal with it.
It was Imam Ghazali’s and Imam ibn Taymiyah’s ability to deal with the biggest manifestations of batil, which gave them a place in history. And the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhe wassallam) said, “If I was to see dajjal, I would argue against him myself”… meaning Dajjal’s main tool to lead people astray would be his ideas and arguments.
Haqq wants domination
Truth is only true, when it can be shown to be true. Any idea wants to express itself in practice is in the war of ideas. Haqq as an idea of truth demands its dominance. Even Plato's “Republic” calls out saying, “Try me out!!”
The Qur’an says,
هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَى وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
It is He Who has sent His Apostle with the Guidance and the Deen of Haqq, that he may dominate it over all other systems, even though the Pagans may detest (it)!
And,
بَلْ نَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ زَاهِقٌ وَلَكُمُ الْوَيْلُ مِمَّا تَصِفُونَ
Nay, We hurl the Haqq against batel, and it knocks out its brain, and behold, batel doth perish! Ah! Woe be to you for the (false) things ye ascribe (to Us)!
As mentioned earlier, I have tried bringing forth the Qur’anic arguments for absolute truth. However, other forms of logic and other independent forms of Qur’anic logic have not been discussed.
Looking for Absolutes and Relatives
Is everything in the form of absolutes? No. Many issues are relative. With the qualities of haqq mentioned above - those issues, ideas, etc. that are more poles apart - are issues of absolute. For example, the issue of God; either He is or He is not. Those issues that don't fit into the attributes of haqq or are not poles apart are relative issues. For example, the issue of “intention” can be relative because it does not fit into the attributes of haqq. The issue of how to solve the problem of aids; though one method may be more holistic, which is one of the attributes of haqq, but another may be more practical.
Al Haqq is only Allah, then from there Al haqq moves towards haqq. As long as something is haqq it will have attributes of haqq, however the solution should be with the one with more of the attributes of haqq. From haqq the movement is to batel, however there is no al batel. For batel to survive and have existence it must have some haqq, some watered down version of the truth. This one aspect of the ayah “And don’t hide the truth”… meaning batel is wrapped around haqq.
الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلاَ تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ
The Truth is from thy Lord; so be not at all in doubt .