[BOOK] 'Ulama of Deoband by Maulana Diyaur-Rahmaan Faruqi Shahid

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A friend today gave me the book "Ulama of Deoband" which is a transcript of a lecture by Maulana Diyaur-rahmaan Faruqi which took place on the 30th May 1983 at Madrassah Jamiah Siddiqiyyah Bhawalpur. I have decided to transcript the book here may Allah grant me the ability to complete this and grant me ikhlaas. Ameen.

PS: if this book has been uploaded please do provide links. If anyone wants to assist it would be appreciated, about 80 pages.

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The ‘Ulama of Deoband – Their majestic past
By Moulana Diyaur-Rahman Faruqi
Translated by Moulana Muhammad Kadwa , Madrassah Arabia Islamia Azaadville, Publication Department

Contents:

Forward
Preface
Introduction
Clash between truth and falsehood
Our conviction over the ‘Ulama Deoband
A Glipmse at Darul ‘Ulum
A brief background to Indian history
The British in India
The birth of Shah Waliyullah
The first translation of the Noble Quran
Jihad against the British
Sultan Tippu
Our present condition
The piety of Sultan Tippu
The tyranny of Rajah Ranjit Singh
The four sons of Shah Waliyullah
The two Barelis
Jihad against Rajah Ranjit Singh
Sayyid Ahmed Shahid
The battle of Balakot
‘Ulama meet for freedom of India
14000 ‘Ulama are sent to the gallows
Imperialist endeavor to snuff out the spirit of Jihad
Exiled to the black waters
The establishment of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband
The acheivements of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband
Maulana Qasim Nanotwi’s devotion to Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم)
Our academic links in the field of hadith
Our spiritual links
Shaykh al-Islam in Madinah Munawwarah
Shayk al-Hind and his students’ academic feats
The funeral of Shayk al-Hind
Maulana Shabbir Ahmad ‘Uthmani
The objective of the formation of Pakistan
Maulana Madani before an English court
Maulana Madani is banished to Malta
The lofty status of Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad

[Saad]

Assalam o 'alaykum,

http://zakariyya.wordpress.com/2007/...oner-of-malta/

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Foreward

By the Imam of Logic and Philosophy Maulana ‘Abdur-Rahim Sahib, Ustad Darul ‘Ulum Deoband

At one of the Jalsahs in Bhawalpur Pakistan, a very famous and dynamic orator, Maulana Diyaur-Rahman Sahib delivered a very detailed and substantiative lecture on the ‘Ulama of Deoband. This lecture was well accepted and praised by an appreciative audience. Since the topic was proposed to him, the lecture is very comprehensive, covering virtually every aspect of Daril ‘Ulum Deoband. It also reveals the important aspects of the unblemished lives of the ‘Ulama of Deoband.

It is quite evident that Maulana is well-versed with the merits of good oratorship and he is well able to render a speech rather impressively together with all its etiquette and requisites. His capability of drawing inferences is not only critical but in fact philosophical as well.

It is my personal opinion that this book is a mirror which reflects a true image of the senior ‘Ulama of Deoband. This reflection also portrays that every angle of their lives formed a practical interpretation of Quran and Sunnah. These far-sighted ‘Ulama planted a seed of prophetic knowledge in the land of Deoband which eventually grew up to be a well-rooted tree in the form of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband. Now its fruit-bearing and shady tree is swaying not only over Asia but as far afield as Africa and Europe.

May Allah Ta’ala grant it a life of eternity and may He spread its blessing even further. Ameen.

It was very pleasing to note that two intelligent and perceptive graduates of Darul ‘Uloom Deoband, Maulana Imdadullah Bhagalpuri and Maulana Zahid Asami took the initiative to put this informative lecture into a book form thereby transmitting and perpetuating its benefit to others as well. May Allah Ta’ala reward them well.

(Janab Maulana) ‘Abdur-Rahim Bastawi
Teacher Darul ‘Ulum Deoband
25 Muharram 1409 AH

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Foreward

By Maulana Muhammad Ilyas Sahib Qasimi

In order to reach the stars and traverse the heights of progress, the pages of history have proven to be the best capital for any nation on the earth. The arduous achievements and theoretical models of their forbears are a source of exaltation, respect and honour for them. From the sincere enthusiasm and hopes of their forefathers, they learn a lesson of courage and dauntlessness.

The book under review is actually a lecture by Maulana Diyaur-Rahman Faruqi. By compiling this lecture into book form, Maulana Imdadullah has endeavoured to present this priceless gift to the youth of our nation in particular. The study of this book and a second perusal has left an impression in my heart that this is the most appropriate prescription for stimulating the dormant spirits of the Muslim youth and for bringing about a spiritual transformation with them.

May Allah Ta'ala accept their endeavours and may He render this book a stairway to their progress. Amin.

Muhammad Ilyas Qasimi
Madani Nagar
Champa Nagar
Bhaghalpur

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Preface

الحمدُ لله واللصلاة والسلام على سید المرسلین

“This cradle of ‘Ilm and profession is regal piece of History.
Every flower here is a burning coal and every cypress here is a Minaret.”

Actually, when a man initially endeavours to accomplish an important task, he tends to begin seeing his personal deficiencies and internal defects. His apparent lack of resources and his perception of his deficient knowledge precludes him from reaching his goal because any feat of man is not devoid of any flaw and deficiency. A man is then compelled to doubt whether intentions will ever be realised or not.

His steadfastness begins to shudder and a ghost of failure overshadows him through which the power of his mind, intellect, hand and pen all become paralysed. However, placing his trust in Allah Ta’ala, he commences his task and forges ahead with the assistance of the Being in whose power lies total success. Ultimately, the divine hand of assistance grasps the hand of this dejected and beloved servant and propels him to his objective. I was also confronted with similar circumstances.

A few days ago, I was listening to a very gratifying lecture on the majestic past of the ‘Ulama of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband. The lecture was so comprehensive and beneficial that my spirits and thoughts soared to unrestrainable heights. I there and then intended to compile this lecture into book form so that on the one hand the people can look forward to a brilliant future whilst on the other hand the world learns of the laborious and unique role the ‘Ulama of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband played in the shaping of India as she stands today. In fulfilling this objective, I am most grateful to Hafiz Qari ‘Abdul-Halim Nanotwi, Qari Ahmad Husain Kathyari and brother Munawwar Asami who advised me that the compilation of this lecture in book form would serve as a guiding-torch to a student of history. May Allah Ta’ala reward them favourably. Amin.

Hence, I commenced with its compilation. However, I am also very grateful to Maulana Zahid Asami who, in spite of his busy schedule, assisted me whole-heartedly until finally Allah Ta’ala brought this book to fruition. Now the book is finally before you.

Readers! How can I introduce this book to you? All I can say briefly is that this is a bouquet of history which narrates historical facts from various angles and also this is a mirror of history through which conditions of the past can be compared to the present. This comparative study of the past and the future will then pave the way for a more favourable future.

The orator has added beauty to his garden (speech) with a variety of colourful flowers. He has produced a beautiful garden of personalities, the following of whom are worthy of particular mention:

Hadhrat Shah Waliyullah Muhaddith Dehlawi (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Haji Imdadullah Muhajjir Makki (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Hafiz Damin Shahid (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Qasim Nanotwi (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Rashid Ahmad Gangohi (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Shaikhul-Hind Maulana Mahmudul-Hasan Sahib Deobandi (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Ashraf ‘Ali Thanwi (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Shaikhul-Islam Maulana Husain Ahmad Madani (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat ‘Allamah Anwar Shah Kashmiri (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Shah Isma’il Shahid (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Sayyid Ahmad Shahid (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat ‘Allamah Shibli (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Abul-Kalam Azad (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Muhammad ‘Ali Jawhar (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Mufti Kifayatullah Sahib Dehlawi (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Ja’far Thanesri (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Wilayat ‘Ali (Rahmatullahi alaih)
Hadhrat Maulana Mamluk ‘Ali (Rahmatullahi alaih)
And a number of other ‘Ulama and freedom fighters are mentioned in this book.

The study of this book will leave a person without any doubt that this institute, Darul ‘Ulum Deoband, has produced such unique personalities that history would probably be deficient in representing others of the same nature. Its perusal will compel a devout Deobandi to agree with the following poem:

“Those are my forebears, present similar to them,
Even if all our gathering were to be brought together, O Jarir!”

Some of these leading personalities of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband had elevated the sciences of logic and philosophy. Some them promoted Fiqh whilst some of them elevated the science of Tafsir to a status befitting its honour. Some of them raised the banner of freedom and became instrumental in releasing the country from the barbaric clutches of the colonialist English. This is the scene described in this lecture. If this book brings about a hope within the hearts of our youth to ‘bring lushness to their decomposing gardens’ then I will regard this endeavour of mine to have borne fruit. And only Allah Ta’ala accords divine guidance.

Humble servant Imdadullah
Bhagalpur – Bihar
25 Muharramul-Haram 1409 AH

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for offering assistance, however I am unable to scan the book at the moment. When this is possible I will upload. If anyone else do have the book then kindly do provide a link and/or upload.

If you can scan the book and upload it, I can help out a little bit by typing it out for you, in-sha Allah.

I would appreciate if anyone could please kindly look up the references for the Quranic Aya'at and Ahadith mentioned. There are a few at the start in this post,and few as we proceed along.
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This is a lecture by Hadhrat Maulana Diyaur-Rahman Faruqi on the topic ‘the history of India and the majestic past of the ‘Ulama of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband’ delivered in Madrasah Jami’ah Siddiqiyyah Bhawalpur, on 9 Sha’ban 1403 AH corresponding to 30 May 1983.

الحمدُ لله واللصلاة والسلام على سید المرسلین

Introduction

Allah Ta’ala says:

“And there should be from amongst you the one who invites towards good.”
At another juncture He says:
“And those who strive in Our path, We will guide them on Our right paths. And Allah is with those who perform good deeds.”
At another point in the Noble Quran, He says:
“Verily, those who say ‘Our Lord is Allah”, and further they stand steadfast, the angels descend upon them and (they say) ‘Do not fear nor grieve and receive glad-tidings of the Jannat you were promised. We are your protectors in this world and the hereafter, therein you shall have whatever you desire and you shall have whatever you ask for.”

Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم): “The ‘Ulama are the trustess of the Ambiyaa upon the servants of Allah Ta’ala as long as they do not mingle with the rulers. If they do that, they have shown disloyalty to the Prophets. Beware of them and remain aloof from them.”
Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم): “The ‘Ulama are heirs to the Ambiyaa.”
Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم): “The ‘Ulama of my Ummah are like the Nabis of the Banu Isra’il.”“

May numerous salutations descend upon the leader who broke numerous idols.
He who had given the world a message of peace and changed the direction of mankind.
The benefactor of the world who has given us many Ilyases, He has given us a code of life, a manifesto, many directions and changed many.
Whenever the name of the leader appears on the tongues of the believers, the mention of his other four beloved ones is indispensable;
Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, ‘Uthman and Ali Radiallahu ‘Anhum.

When all are loyal (to him) when why wouldn’t spring reappear in the garden of Mustafa?”

Respected chairperson, respected ‘Ulama! I am extremely grateful to all of you for coming from far and wide to listen to my speech. With the request of Maulana Ghulam Yasin, I have the opportunity once again to visit Bhawalput to deliver a lecture. I was told to speak on the historical facts surrounding the steadfast members of the movement of the freedom of India, the Ahlus Sunnah ‘Ulama of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband. I hope that you will learn numerous historical facts provided you listen to my lecture attentively.

Clash between truth and falsehood

Friends! When we study the pages of Islamic history, we learn that from the time of Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) right up to Hadhrat Adam (AS), there mhas always been a clash between truth and falsehood. This is a systematic divine phenomenon that not a single era is devoid of the clash between truth and falsehood. Truth, on one hand, comes about in a domain of abject poverty and helplessness whilst falsehood, on the other hand, makes its appearance with transgression, pride, vanity, pomp and splendor, rank and position, and with wealth and power. However, on closer perusal of history we that Allah Ta’ala has always awarded dominance to the truth which appears in a domain of poverty and helplessness.

[contd...]

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Falsehood came in the form of Fir’awn and truth in the form of Musa (Alayhis salaam) and when falsehood appeared in the form of the blood-thirsty Banu Isra’il, truth appeared in the form of ‘Isa (Alayhis salaam).

Falsehood appeared in the form of Ceaser and Khosroe, truth came in the form of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم). Falsehood appeared in the form of Hajjaj bin Yusuf and truth appeared in the form of Sa’id bin Jubair. When falsehood appeared in the form of Khalifah Mutasim Billah, truth appeared in the form of Imam Abu Hanifa. Falsehood appeared in the form of Mansur, and truth appeared in the form of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal. Falsehood appeared in the form of King Nizamul-Malik and truth appeared in the form of Imam Ghazali. When falsehood appeared in the form of the fitnahs (mischief) of the Tartars, truth appeared in the form of Ibn Taymiyyah.

Falsehood appeared in the form of Jalaludin Akbar and the truth appeared in the form of Mujaddid Alfe-Thani. Falsehood appeared in the form of the fitnah of Anmuzaj, and the truth appeared in the form of Shah Waliyullah. Falsehood appeared in the form of Rajah Ranjit Singh and truth appeared in the form of Shah Isma’il. Falsehood appeared in the form of the English and the truth appeared in the form of Shah ‘Abdul-‘Aziz. Falsehood appeared in the form of the various fitnahs and the truth appeared in the form of the ‘Ulama of Darul ‘Ulum Deoband.

Friends! Every era has seen the clash between truth and falsehood. We have come across many conditions, heard about numerous historical facts, but a student of history will automatically learn who the people of truth were and how they endeavored to raise the banner of Islam in their respective times.

Our conviction over the ‘Ulama of Deoband

Friends! We are proud to say – and this conviction is as strong as the daily rising sun – that the group which is truly the Ahlus Sunnah Wal-Jama’ah and staunchly on the truth us this group of the ‘Ulama of Deoband. We do not harbor a shadow of doubt and we are more convinced than the daily rising sun that in these times this group of ‘Ulama of Deoband are the true heirs of the Prophets. And this is the truthful group who, in accordance to the actual Sunnah of Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم), confronted the various forces of falsehood.

When the English appeared, they confronted them and when upon their back, their offspring, the Qadiyanis came, the ‘Ulama challenged them as well. Whether they appeared in the form of the Parwezis or in the form of the opponents of the Sahabah (Radiallahu ‘Anhum), the ‘Ulama of Deoband challenged them all. Under whichever false guise falsehood appeared, the ‘Ulama of Deoband always raised the banner of the truth in the face of it. This is what Shorish-Kashmiri referred to when he said:
“There is no doubt that the presence of Deoband over India is the favour of Mustafa.

May the mercy of the Almighty continue to shower upon it until resurrection, (the institute) which was founded by the ones guided by Mustafa.

The spirit of this Madrassah’s honor has naturally reached all and sundry out of the beneficence of Mustafa.

The name of Nanotwi will echo through all the four corners of the globe as he is the one who has distributed the (spiritual) wine from the divine recognition of Mustafa.”

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A glimpse at Darul ‘Ulum Deoband

Friends! These are all historical facts. Riyasat ‘Ali Zafar mentioned something rather strange when he asked about our past. He said: “You are asking about the history of our pious predecessors? Their history is as follows:

‘Every flower of this valley earned the title of ‘the sun of the world’.
Every free-thinker who left this environment earned a rank of ‘spiritual leader of the Magi’.
Every (spiritually) besotted man of this association reached a divinely elevated rank in every field.
Our legendary stories run from the gardens to the prisons.
Over a hundred times we had re-adorned the disheveled mess of this country.
These (spiritually) insane people will inform you of what we had given to the world.
This sun of the Din of Ahmad will shine on the horizons of the entire world.
This Nur has always illuminated and it will persist in its refulgence.’ “

A brief background to Indian History

Friends! I was saying that we should briefly understand the history of India. This will enable us to get a better understanding of the history surrounding our pious predecessors.

Friends! The Indo-Pak subcontinent – a reference to India, Pakistan and Bangladesh – was divided in 1947. Why did this division come about? The English ruled India for around three hundred years. Hence the need arose for the ‘Ulama to confront the English colonialists. The ‘Ulama were imprisoned and hanged for conspiring against the English. Ultimately, the English were compelled to leave the subcontinent.

Late on in my lecture I will give you details as to how Pakistan was formed and whose blood was shed in its formation. ‘The stomach is not satiated with the last morsel but with the entire roti.’ If a man comes right at the end and claims that he has done all the work without even considering the struggle of the preceding two hundred years, then he is mentally defective.

Friends! This is something we have to understand. I hope the learned people will listen to my lecture attentively and they will be forced to accept that until today we were left in the dark. And up to this day we were not informed about the true history of India and what we regard the true history of India to be like.

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The British in India

Friends! In 1601 when the English came to India, Ahmad Shah Abdali was ruling over India. He was the last king of the Mogul empire. [According to my research, Bahadur Shah Zafar was the last ruler of the Mogul empire – footnote by compiler.] At that time, Persian was the official language of the entire country. Just in Delhi alone there where a thousand religious institutes.

In 1601, an East India company trade delegation under the leadership of Vasco Da Gama anchored at Bombay harbor. They requested the government of that time for assistance. They promised to improve trade links with India, export Indian goods to the British market and then reinvest the profits back into India. The Mogul king of that time, Ahmad Shah Abdali was very short-sighted and failed to understand the policies of the English. He provided this trade delegation with a number of concessions. He permitted them to put up huge factories. A number of territories and princedoms were handed over to English officers. Up to 12000 acres land were given to each of them with total jurisdiction and authority over the land.

By 1701, a hundred years after the East India Company arrived in India, a number of territories were already under British rule. Eventually, in 1717, the English usurped one of the territories of Mysore and appointed an Englishman as governor over the territory.

In a similar fashion, by about 1740, four of the main territories of India fell into British hands.

The birth of Shah Waliyullah

During this time when the British had virtual control over a number of territories, in 1702, in Delhi, a boy was born in the household of Shaikh ‘Abdur-Rahim. When this boy opened his eyes, he saw that a number of territories were being ruled by foreigners, the British. Who was this boy? This boy was Shah Waliyullah. Allahu Akbar!

The British came to in India in 1601 and Shah Waliyullah was born in 1702. By 1740, Shah Waliyullah realized that the British had already seized control of four of the main territories.

Friends! I wish to briefly introduce you to Shah Waliyullah. Shah Waliyullah was the first person in the history of India to deliver a lesson of Hadith. There was no other lesson of Hadith ever delivered before him. Shah Waliyullah went to learn Hadith by an ‘Alim of Makkah Mukarramah, Shaikh Abu Tahir Madani and then he returned to India and started teaching Hadith for the first time in India. As a result, the links of all the various schools of thought in India, be they Deobandi, the Barelwi or the Ahle Hadith, are all academically linked up to Shah Waliyullah (Rahmatullahi ‘Alayh). In India, none of the schools of thought can be linked to anyone other than him as the teaching of Hadith commenced with him in that country,

[Abu.Hurairah]

The First Translation of the Holy Quran

Friends! When Shah Waliyullah witnessed the British seizing authority from all four
sides, he, for the very first time ever, translated The Holy Quran into Persian.
Allow me to inform you that in the twelve hundred years prior to this translation,
the Holy Quran was never translated from Arabic into any other foreign language. He
was the first person to translate it into Persian. After him, his son, Shah
Abdul-Aziz wrote a commentary on the Quran in Persian. This commentary is known as
Tafsir-e-Azizi. Thereafter, his other sons, Shah Rafi-ud-Din and Shah Abdul Qadir
translated this Quran from Persian into Urdu. Up to this day, the translation
carried out by the sons of Shah Waliyullah form the basis of all the Urdu
translations of the Holy Quran found in the subcontinent.

Friends! Only the new translations which confirm to the translations of Shah Abdul
Qadir and Shah Rafi-ud-Din are correct. As for the translations which do not confirm
to these translations, even today, the government of the United Arab Emirates
impounds all these translations because they do not confirm to the original
translation carried out by Shah Waliyullah.

Friends! The work carried out on the Holy Quran was first initiated in India by Shah
Waliyullah. He was the first one to translate the Holy Quran and also the first
person to disseminate the knowledge of Hadith in India. Why did Shah Waliyullah take
this initiative. Shah Waliyullah realized that if Islamic knowledge was ot
propogated, the British government will continue consolidating its sway over India.

Shah Waliyullah also wrote a book entitled "Hujjatullah-il-Balighah". The Ulama are
quite aware of the fact that in the history of Islam, nobody had written a book of
this nature befor Shah Waliyullah. He was the first person to employ the Quranic
verses to portray the economic system of Islam. He portrayed the fiscal policies of
Islam, the policies of the state and its political system, and the philosophy of
gazetting a law etc. This book was plagiarised seventy years later by Lenin and
Marx. This prinicples of this book were plagiarised, the sources of the Quran and
Allah were obliterated and presented with the name of communism. We do have proof to
back this claim. Shah Waliyullah was the first man to present the economic
philosophies of Islam. His books, Hujjatullah-il-Balighah, Tafhimat-e-Ilahiyyah,
Fuyud-ul-Haramain, and other great works are all proof of his erudition and
philosophical ideas.

Friends! Shah Waliyullah stood up to the challenge of the Fitnah (turmoil) of the
Anmuzaj and the fitnah of the Qaramiti. He waged Jihad (battle) against the
traditions of the Sikhs and Hindus.