Originally Posted by
AbuFatimah
so deobandi sufis do believe that abu bakr passed on some sort of teachings to salman al farisi? Why are these not reported in the hadeeth and athaar? I'll read through all the links inshAllah
I still dont get it, what exactly was passed between abu bakr to salman al farisi? And why did they not record this in the books of hadeeth when all the other important religious information was being compiled?
I am NOT into Tassawuff but here is my little understanding gained from sitting down with Scholars well grounded in Qur'aan & Sunnah
The emphasis in Tassawuff is on Suhba i.e. spending as much time as possible in the company of the Shaykh and benefiting from him and discussing matters with him and reforming oneself and this Suhba (companionship) is proven by this verse of the Qur'aan:
ـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَكُونُواْ مَعَ ٱلصَّـٰدِقِينَ
[9:119] O you who believe, fear Allah, and be in the company of the truthful [*]
Tassawuff is an experiential Science where the condition of the heart changes which cannot be described in words or written down.
To be in the Suhba (companionship) of the pious is written in almost every Tafseer in the commentary of this verse e.g. from Imam Ibn Katheer (RA) given below in RED.
The Sahaba (companions) are called so because of Suhba (companionship) and they all differed in their degree of Suhba with Sayyidina Rasul-ullah 
with Khaleefatur-Rasool Sayyidina Abu Bak'r As-Sideeq (RA) being the most superior off course and then his Suhba (companionship) differed with those junior to him and so on.
Sahaba (companions) transmitted various branches of knowledge e.g. some narrated the noble and beloved words of our Nabi while others preserved words (and way of recital) of the Qur'aan (and transmitted) while others excelled in Jihad while some in Zuh'd and Suhba (companionship). The last branch was then transmitted further down the chain just as Hadeeth, preserved words (and way of recital) of the Qur'aan and other branches of knowledge.
Lastly just because some amongst Sahaba (companions) transmitted different branches of knowledge doesn't mean that we regard them as superior (or inferior), rather it is based on Aqeedah of Ahlus-Sunnah Wal-Jamaah e.g. Naqshbandees don't regard Sayyidina Salman Al-Farsi (RA) to be the next most important from amongst the amongst Sahaba (companions) after Khaleefatur-Rasool Sayyidina Abu Bak'r As-Sideeq (RA) , rather they simply believe that the science of Suhba (companionship) which they have got today comes through that particular chain just like a Qari (someone well versed in the recitation of the Qur'aan) or Muhaddith (someone with an Authentic chain of transmission of Hadeeth) today doesn't regard from amongst Sahaba (companions) from whom he has chain to be the 2nd most superior.
Another example I can give you today that is that there are Master of Hadeeth today who narrate and give you Ijaza on:
- Chain of Narration of Hadeeth
- Text of the Hadeeth
- Action which was performed by their teacher (while narrating the Hadeeth) and their teacher and their teacher (up the chain)
You will find 1 & 2 in the book but 3 is purely an experiential matter passed down generations and simply based on immense love for Sayyidina Rasul-ullah that not only the words, the chain but also the action is preserved. There are Deobandi Ulamah who not only transmit the Hadeeth about the noble, dignified and beloved gait of Sayyidina Rasul-ullah but also MIMIC it to their students as their teachers MIMICED it for them. There are many Brothers & Sisters here who may be in a SilSila but actually don't understand what Tassawuff is and how it works! To recommend to a person to listen to some talks or read a book about Tassawuff is counter to Suhba (companionship).
The second and yet one of the critical concepts of Tassawuff is Tazkiyyah as clearly mentioned as a job description of our Nabi
لَقَدۡ مَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ إِذۡ بَعَثَ فِيہِمۡ رَسُولاً۬ مِّنۡ أَنفُسِهِمۡ يَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡہِمۡ ءَايَـٰتِهِۦ وَيُزَڪِّيہِمۡ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ وَٱلۡحِڪۡمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلُ لَفِى ضَلَـٰلٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ
[3:164] Allah has surely conferred favor on the believers when He raised in their midst a messenger from among themselves who recites to them His verses and makes them pure and teaches them the Book and the Wisdom, while earlier, they were in open error.
This is pretty much a Master/Apprentice relationship where the Master guides an apprentice through the craft which in this happens to be inculcating the noble aspects of Sunnah.
SilSila:
Suhba (companionship) passed down the chain and its experiential and not textual in nature.
Tareeqa:
Suhba (companionship) plus method of Tazkiyyah. Any method is allowed which DOES NOT contravene the Qur'aan or Sunnah although methods and tactics specifically mentioned in Qur'aan & Sunnah are superior and implemented e.g. a man goes to his Shaykh because he (in anger) hits his wife and the Shaykh prescribes the following three solutions:
- Recite Ta'awwudh as mentioned in the Qur'aan to ward off Shaytaan
- Drink water as described in the noble and beloved Sunnah of our beloved Sayyidina Nabi
- Keep quiet as described in the noble and beloved Sunnah of our beloved Sayyidina Nabi
- Say Sorry to her and buy her chocolates and flowers as per the norm of our times.
- Pay her fine (so it hits his pride and his pocket) as the Shaykh is his experience has found this remedy efficacious
- Until the habit is controlled!
As long as none of this contradicts the Sunnah its allowed to help the one committing a Haram act to QUIT!
Bay'ah to a Shaykh?
There is no one in Tassawuff who considers this obligatory or mandatory, rather some consider it Sunnah while others consider it praiseworthy and you can discuss the evidence as to why its Sunnah or praiseworthy etc but it isn't an integral part of Tassawuff.
So what is Tassawuff?
- Suhba (companionship)
- Tazkiyah
Is Tassawuff an obligation?
No
Is Tassawuff a requirement for a person to reform themselves?
No
Is Tassawuff beneficial?
Depends on you!
Does a Shaykh of Tassawuff take responsibility of the person for the day of judgement?
Absurd so no need to answer!
Can a Non-Ashari/Maturidi be in Tassawuff?
Shaykh Abd al-Qadir al-Gilani (RA)
Can a person who took Saheeh Hadeeth as his Madhab rather then Madhan itself be in Tassawuff?
Shah Ismael Shaheed (RA)
Can a person who hopped Madhabs and had a very relaxed attitude about Taqleed be in Tassawuff?
Ibn Arabi (RA)
- I am leaving aside discussions about his writings and Praise (or Takfeer) upon him for the time being!
Can a person practice Bid'ah in Tassawuff?
ABSOLUTELY NOT
Is Tawassul/Istigatha etc part of Tassawuff?
ABSOLUTELY NOT
Because Tassawuff has little to do with most people bicker about today online
Chain between Khaleefatur-Rasool Sayyidina Abu Bak'r As-Sideeq (RA) and Sayyidina Salman Al-Farsi (RA)?
That leaves us two questions firstly the issue of Suhba (companionship) between Khaleefatur-Rasool Sayyidina Abu Bak'r As-Sideeq (RA) and Sayyidina Salman Al-Farsi (RA) and no one in the entire history of Islam has denied it. Secondly, where is it written down and we ask is everything (every conversation, every dialogue, every discussion) between these two written down? They were together for years on end so do we have the full transcript of their interactions, today?
- Was their Suhba (companionship) or interaction between Khaleefatur-Rasool Sayyidina Abu Bak'r As-Sideeq (RA) and Sayyidina Salman Al-Farsi (RA)? ABSOLUTELY
- Was it prolonged, extended and sustained? ABSOLUTELY
- Was Khaleefatur-Rasool Sayyidina Abu Bak'r As-Sideeq (RA) in a Senior enough advisory role to guide, reform and correct or perform Tazkiyah of Sayyidina Salman Al-Farsi (RA)? ABSOLUTELY
[*] {119} يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ
وَلِهَذَا قَالَ " يَا أَيّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اِتَّقُوا اللَّه وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ " أَيْ اُصْدُقُوا وَالْزَمُوا الصِّدْق تَكُونُوا مِنْ أَهْله وَتَنْجُوا مِنْ الْمَهَالِك وَيَجْعَل لَكُمْ فَرَجًا مِنْ أُمُوركُمْ وَمَخْرَجًا وَقَدْ قَالَ الْإِمَام أَحْمَد : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَة حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَش عَنْ شَقِيق عَنْ عَبْد اللَّه هُوَ اِبْن مَسْعُود رَضِيَ اللَّه عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّ الصِّدْق يَهْدِي إِلَى الْبِرّ وَإِنَّ الْبِرّ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْجَنَّة وَلَا يَزَال الرَّجُل يَصْدُق وَيَتَحَرَّى الصِّدْق حَتَّى يُكْتَب عِنْد اللَّه صِدِّيقًا وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْكَذِب فَإِنَّ الْكَذِب يَهْدِي إِلَى الْفُجُور وَإِنَّ الْفُجُور يَهْدِي إِلَى النَّار وَلَا يَزَال الرَّجُل يَكْذِب وَيَتَحَرَّى الْكَذِب حَتَّى يُكْتَب عِنْد اللَّه كَذَّابًا " أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ وَقَالَ شُعْبَة عَنْ عَمْرو بْن مُرَّة سَمِعَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَة يُحَدِّث عَنْ عَبْد اللَّه بْن مَسْعُود رَضِيَ اللَّه عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : الْكَذِب لَا يَصْلُح مِنْهُ جَدّ وَلَا هَزْل اِقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ " يَا أَيّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اِتَّقُوا اللَّه وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ " هَكَذَا قَرَأَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ : فَهَلْ تَجِدُونَ لِأَحَدٍ فِيهِ رُخْصَة ؟ وَعَنْ عَبْد اللَّه بْن عُمَر فِي قَوْله " اِتَّقُوا اللَّه وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ " قَالَ مَعَ مُحَمَّد صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابه وَقَالَ الضَّحَّاك مَعَ أَبِي بَكْر وَعُمَر وَأَصْحَابهمَا وَقَالَ الْحَسَن الْبَصْرِيّ إِنْ أَرَدْت أَنْ تَكُون مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ فَعَلَيْك بِالزُّهْدِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْكَفّ عَنْ أَهْل الْمِلَّة .
Re: Can someone explain to me how silsalahs work?
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became governor of Madain until after the khilafah of Abu Bakr 
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