510 For the sick person, pregnant woman, and nursing woman, the condition for permissibility of breaking the fast is not simply a delusion of potential harm, but rather a legitimate fear, recognized by the Sacred Law (shari'a). This entails either (1) past experience, even if of someone else with the same sickness; (2) an obvious sign of potential harm; or (3) an opinion of a qualified, Muslim physician who does not sin in public. The same would apply for a healthy person that has a legitimate fear, based on one of the above indications, of becoming ill (Tahtawi 2:355, Durr 2:116). Ibn 'Abidin adds that if one were to break the fast without one of the above indications, then he would have to perform expiation, while most people are unfortunately completely unaware of this ruling (Radd 2:116).
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